UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025101000.upa.cvt Date: 0000Z 10 OCT 25 Searching for KBRO... Searching the city database file for: KBRO ... Date:0000Z 10 OCT 25 Station: KBRO WMO ident: 72250 Latitude: 25.90 Longitude: -97.43 Elevation: 6.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SFC 1016 6 29.6 23.6 70 6.0 25.2 55 6 301.4 304.7 297.8 355.4 18.34 1 1007 86 28.2 23.2 74 5.0 24.5 61 10 300.7 304.1 297.4 353.8 18.06 2 1000 148 27.8 23.0 75 4.8 24.3 65 13 301.0 304.2 297.4 353.8 17.96 3 952 583 23.6 21.9 90 1.7 22.4 65 20 301.0 304.2 297.3 352.8 17.64 4 947 629 23.6 20.6 83 3.0 21.5 66 20 301.4 304.4 296.5 349.5 16.34 5 938 713 22.8 20.3 86 2.5 21.1 70 20 301.4 304.4 296.4 349.1 16.19 6 935 741 23.0 19.1 79 3.9 20.2 71 19 301.9 304.7 295.8 346.3 15.05 7 925 835 21.8 19.5 87 2.3 20.2 75 19 301.6 304.5 296.1 347.6 15.61 8 924 844 21.8 19.6 87 2.2 20.2 74 19 301.7 304.6 296.2 348.1 15.73 9 891 1160 20.0 15.8 77 4.2 17.2 66 18 303.0 305.3 294.5 340.8 12.77 10 876 1307 18.8 15.3 80 3.5 16.4 66 17 303.2 305.5 294.4 340.5 12.58 11 852 1546 17.4 13.4 77 4.0 14.8 70 19 304.2 306.3 293.9 338.2 11.42 12 850 1566 17.2 13.0 76 4.2 14.4 70 19 304.2 306.2 293.7 337.4 11.14 13 848 1586 17.4 12.4 72 5.0 14.1 69 19 304.6 306.6 293.5 336.6 10.73 14 831 1759 16.4 11.7 74 4.7 13.4 63 17 305.3 307.2 293.5 336.6 10.45 15 802 2061 15.2 3.2 45 12.0 8.5 67 17 307.1 308.3 290.4 325.5 6.01 16 797 2114 15.0 2.0 41 13.0 7.9 69 17 307.5 308.5 290.1 324.5 5.55 17 785 2242 14.0 5.0 55 9.0 8.8 70 17 307.7 309.0 291.5 329.1 6.98 18 780 2296 13.6 2.6 47 11.0 7.5 70 17 307.9 309.0 290.6 326.1 5.92 19 773 2372 12.6 9.0 79 3.6 10.4 70 17 307.6 309.3 293.3 336.0 9.36 20 769 2415 12.4 9.6 83 2.8 10.6 70 17 307.8 309.7 293.7 337.6 9.81 21 765 2459 12.0 9.4 84 2.6 10.4 70 17 307.9 309.7 293.7 337.3 9.73 22 756 2558 12.0 6.0 67 6.0 8.5 74 16 308.9 310.4 292.4 332.7 7.78 23 753 2592 11.6 8.4 81 3.2 9.6 75 16 308.8 310.6 293.6 336.9 9.23 24 744 2692 11.4 6.4 71 5.0 8.4 78 15 309.7 311.2 292.9 334.6 8.13 25 735 2794 11.2 2.2 54 9.0 6.2 77 14 310.5 311.7 291.6 329.5 6.11 26 734 2805 11.0 2.0 54 9.0 6.0 76 14 310.4 311.6 291.5 329.1 6.03 27 731 2840 11.2 -2.8 37 14.0 4.1 74 13 311.0 311.8 290.1 324.4 4.26 28 728 2874 11.2 -3.8 35 15.0 3.8 72 13 311.4 312.1 289.9 323.9 3.96 29 727 2886 11.0 -4.0 35 15.0 3.6 71 13 311.3 312.0 289.9 323.6 3.91 30 725 2909 11.2 -7.8 26 19.0 2.5 69 13 311.7 312.3 289.1 321.1 2.93 31 723 2932 11.2 -2.8 37 14.0 4.1 68 13 312.0 312.8 290.5 325.6 4.30 32 721 2955 11.4 -9.6 22 21.0 2.1 66 13 312.5 312.9 289.0 320.7 2.56 33 720 2966 11.4 -10.6 20 22.0 1.8 66 13 312.6 313.0 288.8 320.3 2.37 34 717 3001 11.2 -8.8 24 20.0 2.2 63 12 312.7 313.3 289.2 321.6 2.74 35 712 3060 10.4 0.4 50 10.0 5.0 59 12 312.5 313.5 291.7 329.8 5.54 36 709 3095 10.0 1.0 54 9.0 5.1 57 12 312.4 313.5 291.9 330.6 5.81 37 707 3118 9.6 3.6 66 6.0 6.2 55 12 312.2 313.6 292.8 334.1 7.03 38 702 3177 9.0 4.0 71 5.0 6.1 52 11 312.2 313.6 293.0 334.8 7.28 39 701 3189 8.8 4.2 73 4.6 6.1 51 11 312.1 313.5 293.1 335.1 7.40 40 700 3201 8.8 4.0 72 4.8 6.0 50 11 312.2 313.6 293.0 334.9 7.30 41 696 3249 8.8 1.8 61 7.0 4.9 50 11 312.7 313.9 292.3 332.3 6.27 42 694 3272 8.6 3.6 71 5.0 5.7 50 11 312.8 314.1 293.1 335.1 7.16 43 689 3332 8.2 1.2 61 7.0 4.4 50 11 313.0 314.1 292.3 332.0 6.07 44 676 3490 7.0 1.0 66 6.0 3.7 54 10 313.3 314.5 292.4 332.5 6.10 45 669 3575 6.4 1.8 72 4.6 3.8 57 9 313.6 314.9 292.8 334.1 6.53 46 663 3649 6.0 0.0 65 6.0 2.8 59 8 314.0 315.1 292.3 332.2 5.78 47 645 3875 4.4 2.4 87 2.0 3.2 57 8 314.6 316.0 293.5 336.8 7.07 48 644 3887 4.2 1.9 85 2.3 2.9 56 8 314.5 315.9 293.3 336.0 6.83 49 638 3964 4.4 -0.5 70 4.9 1.8 55 8 315.6 316.7 292.8 334.0 5.79 50 634 4015 4.6 -0.4 70 5.0 1.9 54 7 316.4 317.5 293.1 335.1 5.87 51 630 4067 4.4 -1.6 65 6.0 1.3 54 7 316.8 317.8 292.8 334.0 5.41 52 605 4396 1.6 -1.7 79 3.3 -0.1 43 6 317.2 318.3 293.1 335.1 5.59 53 599 4476 1.2 -3.1 73 4.3 -1.0 37 6 317.7 318.6 292.8 334.0 5.09 54 500 5920 -3.7 -16.7 36 13.0 -8.6 10 4 328.5 328.9 293.2 335.7 2.07 55 400 7640 -15.3 -24.3 46 9.0 -17.9 30 18 335.1 335.4 294.3 339.9 1.34 56 300 9750 -29.7 -53.7 8 24.0 -31.8 330 21 343.5 343.5 295.3 343.9 0.09 57 250 11030 -39.5 -52.5 24 13.0 -40.4 320 22 347.3 347.4 296.1 347.8 0.12 58 200 12510 -52.1 -56.9 56 4.8 -52.2 5 32 350.3 350.3 296.8 350.6 0.09 59 150 14320 -65.7 -79.7 13 14.0 -65.8 30 24 356.9 356.9 298.1 356.9 0.00 60 105 16404 -80.7 -85.4 45 4.7 -80.7 30 32 366.7 366.7 299.9 366.7 0.00 61 100 16680 -78.7 -84.7 37 6.0 -78.7 45 26 375.7 375.7 301.5 375.7 0.00 62 97 16854 -77.9 -84.9 31 7.0 -77.9 43 22 380.5 380.5 302.3 380.5 0.00 63 95 16974 -75.1 -84.1 23 9.0 -75.2 41 20 388.3 388.3 303.5 388.3 0.00 64 81 17889 -78.7 -85.7 31 7.0 -78.7 133 16 399.0 399.0 305.0 399.0 0.00 65 78 18106 -76.3 -85.3 23 9.0 -76.3 120 15 408.3 408.3 306.3 408.3 0.00 66 74 18408 -76.9 -86.9 19 10.0 -76.9 93 15 413.2 413.2 306.9 413.3 0.00 67 70 18730 -74.1 -88.1 10 14.0 -74.2 90 27 425.9 425.9 308.4 425.9 0.00 68 68 18899 -73.9 -88.9 8 15.0 -74.0 75 28 429.8 429.8 308.8 429.8 0.00 69 65 19165 -69.3 -89.3 4 20.0 -69.4 98 22 445.5 445.5 310.4 445.5 0.00 70 61 19543 -70.9 -89.9 4 19.0 -71.0 109 11 450.1 450.1 310.8 450.1 0.00 71 59 19741 -69.3 -89.3 4 20.0 -69.4 102 16 458.0 458.0 311.6 458.0 0.00 72 56 20052 -70.1 -90.1 4 20.0 -70.2 42 19 463.0 463.0 312.0 463.1 0.00 73 54 20270 -67.5 -90.5 2 23.0 -67.7 49 20 473.9 473.9 313.0 473.9 0.00 74 50 20740 -61.3 -88.3 2 27.0 -61.8 110 17 499.0 499.0 314.9 499.0 0.00 75 41 21966 -63.1 -89.1 2 26.0 -63.6 57 24 523.7 523.7 316.5 523.7 0.00 76 38 22437 -60.7 -88.7 1 28.0 -61.4 69 22 541.3 541.3 317.6 541.3 0.00 77 37 22603 -61.1 -88.1 2 27.0 -61.7 69 21 544.4 544.4 317.8 544.4 0.00 78 36 22774 -58.7 -87.7 1 29.0 -59.6 80 17 554.9 554.9 318.3 554.9 0.00 79 35 22951 -58.3 -87.3 1 29.0 -59.3 95 20 560.4 560.4 318.6 560.5 0.01 80 33 23320 -59.3 -87.3 1 28.0 -60.2 114 28 567.3 567.3 319.0 567.3 0.01 81 30 23920 -57.5 -87.5 1 30.0 -58.7 120 20 587.9 587.9 320.0 587.9 0.01 82 29 24135 -55.3 -86.3 1 31.0 -56.9 122 22 599.7 599.7 320.6 599.7 0.01 83 27 24589 -55.5 -86.5 1 31.0 -57.2 82 17 611.5 611.5 321.1 611.5 0.01 84 25 25083 -51.5 -84.5 1 33.0 -54.1 95 22 636.6 636.6 322.2 636.7 0.01 85 24 25347 -52.1 -84.1 1 32.0 -54.6 83 21 642.3 642.3 322.4 642.4 0.01 86 23 25623 -50.3 -84.3 1 34.0 -53.4 111 22 655.5 655.5 322.9 655.6 0.01 87 20 26530 -52.1 -84.1 1 32.0 -55.0 90 23 676.7 676.7 323.7 676.8 0.02 88 18 27211 -53.3 -85.3 1 32.0 -56.1 92 22 693.6 693.6 324.2 693.7 0.02 89 16 27975 -50.1 -83.1 1 33.0 -54.1 104 19 727.8 727.8 325.3 728.0 0.02 90 15 28394 -52.7 -84.7 1 32.0 -56.1 92 18 732.7 732.7 325.4 732.9 0.02 91 13 29322 -50.9 -83.9 1 33.0 -55.2 60 16 769.6 769.6 326.5 769.8 0.03 92 12 29847 -47.7 -82.7 1 35.0 -53.5 94 26 798.7 798.8 327.2 799.1 0.04 93 11 30420 -49.1 -83.1 1 34.0 -54.6 80 18 813.8 813.8 327.6 814.1 0.04 94 11 30420 -46.9 -82.9 1 36.0 -53.4 80 18 821.8 821.8 327.8 822.1 0.04 95 10 31050 -48.3 -83.3 1 35.0 -54.5 80 15 839.3 839.3 328.2 839.6 0.04 96 9.3 31531 -45.9 -81.9 1 36.0 -53.5 866.0 866.0 328.7 866.5 0.05 TRP 105 16404 -80.7 -85.4 45 4.7 -80.7 30 32 366.7 366.7 299.9 366.7 0.00 WND Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5772.00 m Freezing level: 574.76 mb = 4829.68 m = 15845.22 ft Wetbulb zero: 606.81 mb = 4371.38 m = 14341.61 ft Precipitable water: 1.94 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 66.08 % Est. max temperature: 31.84 C = 89.32 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 931.80 mb = 770.98 m = 2529.42 ft T: 22.62 C 700-500 lapse rate: 4.60 C/km ThetaE index: 23.54 C Layer 891.0- 785.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 900.80 mb = 1065.30 m = 3495.05 ft Mean mixing ratio: 17.11 g/kg Conv temperature: 30.83 C = 87.49 F Cap Strength: 0.65 C Lifted Index: -1.32 C Risk: Thunderstorms probable Lifted Index @300 mb: -2.18 C Lifted Index @700 mb: -2.24 C Showalter Index: 4.19 C Risk: None Total Totals Index: 37.60 C Risk: None Vertical Totals Index: 20.90 C Cross Totals Index: 16.70 C K Index: 29.10 Risk: 40-60 % chance of thunderstorms Sweat Index: 198.00 Risk: None Energy Index: -0.30 Risk: Scattered severe thunderstorms Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 875.11 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 41.84 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 7.58 J/kg Cap Strength: 0.69 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 919.59 mb = 885.99 m = 2906.75 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): 884.59 mb = 1222.67 m = 4011.33 ft Equ Level (EL): 184.59 mb = 13014.51 m = 42698.00 ft B at Equ Level: 865.65 J/kg Max Parcel Lev (MPL): 104.59 mb = 16426.27 m = 53891.32 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 91 at 9 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 1016 6 55 6 -4.9 -3.4 | 315 5 3.6 -3.6 1 1000 148 65 13 -11.8 -5.5 | 30 7 -3.2 -5.7 2 982 305 70 17 -16.0 -5.8 | 51 10 -7.4 -6.0 3 949 610 65 20 -18.1 -8.5 | 48 13 -9.6 -8.6 4 925 835 75 19 -18.4 -4.9 | 63 11 -9.8 -5.1 5 917 914 70 20 -18.8 -6.8 | 56 12 -10.2 -7.0 6 885 1219 65 17 -15.4 -7.2 | 43 10 -6.8 -7.3 7 850 1566 70 19 -17.9 -6.5 | 54 11 -9.3 -6.7 8 824 1829 60 16 -13.9 -8.0 | 33 10 -5.3 -8.2 9 795 2134 70 17 -16.0 -5.8 | 51 10 -7.4 -6.0 10 766 2438 70 17 -16.0 -5.8 | 51 10 -7.4 -6.0 11 739 2743 80 14 -13.8 -2.4 | 64 6 -5.2 -2.6 12 700 3201 50 11 -8.4 -7.1 | 359 7 0.1 -7.2 13 687 3353 50 11 -8.4 -7.1 | 359 7 0.1 -7.2 14 662 3658 60 8 -6.9 -4.0 | 339 4 1.6 -4.2 15 613 4267 50 7 -5.4 -4.5 | 326 6 3.2 -4.7 16 569 4877 10 4 -0.7 -3.9 | 298 9 7.9 -4.1 17 500 5920 10 4 -0.7 -3.9 | 298 9 7.9 -4.1 18 489 6096 15 5 -1.3 -4.8 | 305 9 7.3 -5.0 19 470 6401 30 12 -6.0 -10.4 | 346 11 2.6 -10.6 20 452 6706 15 11 -2.8 -10.6 | 332 12 5.7 -10.8 21 434 7010 40 10 -6.4 -7.7 | 345 8 2.1 -7.8 22 401 7620 35 18 -10.3 -14.7 | 7 15 -1.8 -14.9 23 400 7640 30 18 -9.0 -15.6 | 2 16 -0.4 -15.8 24 354 8534 350 15 2.6 -14.8 | 323 19 11.2 -14.9 25 326 9144 345 16 4.1 -15.5 | 321 20 12.7 -15.6 26 300 9750 330 21 10.5 -18.2 | 314 26 19.1 -18.3 27 300 9754 335 19 8.0 -17.2 | 316 24 16.6 -17.4 28 275 10363 310 22 16.9 -14.1 | 299 29 25.4 -14.3 29 250 11030 320 22 14.1 -16.9 | 307 28 22.7 -17.0 30 241 11278 315 22 15.6 -15.6 | 303 29 24.1 -15.7 31 200 12510 5 32 -2.8 -31.9 | 350 33 5.8 -32.0 32 182 13106 15 37 -9.6 -35.7 | 2 36 -1.0 -35.9 33 165 13716 25 26 -11.0 -23.6 | 6 24 -2.4 -23.7 34 150 14320 30 24 -12.0 -20.8 | 9 21 -3.4 -20.9 35 142 14630 20 22 -7.5 -20.7 | 357 21 1.0 -20.8 36 128 15240 25 30 -12.7 -27.2 | 9 28 -4.1 -27.4 37 110 16154 20 36 -12.3 -33.8 | 6 34 -3.8 -34.0 38 105 16404 30 32 -16.0 -27.7 | 15 29 -7.4 -27.9 39 100 16680 45 26 -18.4 -18.4 | 28 21 -9.8 -18.5 40 93 17069 40 18 -11.6 -13.8 | 12 14 -3.0 -14.0 41 89 17374 100 15 -14.8 2.6 | 111 7 -6.2 2.4 42 84 17678 105 17 -16.4 4.4 | 118 9 -7.9 4.2 43 80 17983 145 16 -9.2 13.1 | 177 13 -0.6 12.9 44 76 18288 85 13 -13.0 -1.1 | 74 5 -4.4 -1.3 45 72 18593 105 18 -17.4 4.7 | 117 10 -8.8 4.5 46 70 18730 90 27 -27.0 0.0 | 89 18 -18.4 -0.2 47 68 18898 75 28 -27.0 -7.2 | 68 20 -18.5 -7.4 48 65 19202 100 21 -20.7 3.6 | 106 13 -12.1 3.5 49 61 19507 110 10 -9.4 3.4 | 166 3 -0.8 3.3 50 58 19812 100 18 -17.7 3.1 | 108 10 -9.2 3.0 51 55 20117 30 19 -9.5 -16.5 | 3 17 -0.9 -16.6 52 53 20422 65 20 -18.1 -8.5 | 48 13 -9.6 -8.6 53 50 20726 65 18 -16.3 -7.6 | 45 11 -7.8 -7.8 54 50 20740 110 17 -16.0 5.8 | 127 9 -7.4 5.7 55 48 21031 95 21 -20.9 1.8 | 98 12 -12.4 1.7 56 45 21336 80 12 -11.8 -2.1 | 55 4 -3.3 -2.2 57 43 21641 50 10 -7.7 -6.4 | 352 7 0.9 -6.6 58 41 21946 55 24 -19.7 -13.8 | 39 18 -11.1 -13.9 59 39 22250 75 21 -20.3 -5.4 | 64 13 -11.7 -5.6 60 37 22555 65 22 -19.9 -9.3 | 50 15 -11.4 -9.5 61 36 22860 85 15 -14.9 -1.3 | 77 7 -6.4 -1.5 62 34 23165 115 31 -28.1 13.1 | 124 23 -19.5 12.9 63 31 23774 110 20 -18.8 6.8 | 123 12 -10.2 6.7 64 30 23920 120 20 -17.3 10.0 | 138 13 -8.8 9.8 65 29 24079 125 23 -18.8 13.2 | 142 17 -10.3 13.0 66 28 24384 110 18 -16.9 6.2 | 126 10 -8.4 6.0 67 27 24689 70 16 -15.0 -5.5 | 49 9 -6.5 -5.6 68 25 24994 105 23 -22.2 6.0 | 113 15 -13.7 5.8 69 24 25298 75 21 -20.3 -5.4 | 64 13 -11.7 -5.6 70 23 25603 115 22 -19.9 9.3 | 129 15 -11.4 9.1 71 22 25908 70 18 -16.9 -6.2 | 53 10 -8.4 -6.3 72 21 26213 80 22 -21.7 -3.8 | 73 14 -13.1 -4.0 73 20 26518 65 29 -26.3 -12.3 | 55 22 -17.7 -12.4 74 20 26530 90 23 -23.0 0.0 | 89 14 -14.4 -0.2 75 18 27127 105 22 -21.3 5.7 | 114 14 -12.7 5.5 76 17 27432 60 21 -18.2 -10.5 | 42 14 -9.6 -10.7 77 17 27737 80 23 -22.7 -4.0 | 74 15 -14.1 -4.2 78 16 28042 110 18 -16.9 6.2 | 126 10 -8.4 6.0 79 14 28956 65 18 -16.3 -7.6 | 45 11 -7.8 -7.8 80 13 29261 60 15 -13.0 -7.5 | 30 9 -4.4 -7.7 81 13 29566 60 17 -14.7 -8.5 | 35 11 -6.2 -8.7 82 12 29870 95 26 -25.9 2.3 | 97 17 -17.3 2.1 83 11 30175 80 19 -18.7 -3.3 | 71 11 -10.2 -3.5 84 10 31050 80 15 -14.8 -2.6 | 66 7 -6.2 -2.8 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 61.1 at 11.4 knts Storm direction: 91.1 at 8.6 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 2.2 neg: 1.2 tot: 3.4 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 67.5 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 38.0 neg: -27.4 tot: 10.7 m^2/s^2 ave: 3.6 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.19 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 6.7 stream: 1.2 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.17 Bulk Rich Number: 539.20 Bulk Shear: 1.62 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 67 15 40 8| 13.5 0.0 13.5| 15.1 -1.0 14.0 28.1 0.70| 14.3 10.0 1000 68 17 48 10| 6.9 0.0 6.9| 23.4 -7.3 16.1 16.1 0.51| 10.5 5.4 1500 68 17 48 10| 4.4 0.0 4.4| 28.1 -11.9 16.1 10.8 0.42| 8.5 3.6 2000 67 17 47 10| 3.3 0.6 3.9| 31.7 -20.9 10.8 5.4 0.29| 7.6 2.2 2500 68 17 48 10| 2.7 0.5 3.2| 35.9 -20.9 15.0 6.0 0.32| 6.6 2.1 3000 69 17 48 9| 2.2 1.2 3.4| 38.0 -27.4 10.7 3.6 0.19| 6.7 1.2 4000 66 15 40 8| 1.7 1.5 3.2| 38.0 -35.8 2.2 0.5 0.04| 5.9 0.2 5000 64 13 28 7| 1.3 1.8 3.1| 38.0 -43.7 -5.7 -1.1 -0.04| 5.3 -0.2 6000 61 11 14 6| 1.1 1.5 2.6| 39.2 -43.7 -4.5 -0.7 -0.03| 4.5 -0.1 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KBRO/skewt/KBRO.skewt.20251010.00.gif