UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025043012.upa.cvt Date: 1200Z 30 APR 25 Searching for KBRO... Searching the city database file for: KBRO ... Date:1200Z 30 APR 25 Station: KBRO WMO ident: 72250 Latitude: 25.90 Longitude: -97.43 Elevation: 6.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SFC 1007 6 25.4 22.1 82 3.3 23.0 140 17 298.0 301.0 296.0 346.9 16.86 1 1000 69 24.8 22.4 87 2.4 23.1 150 26 298.0 301.1 296.3 348.2 17.30 2 972 318 22.6 21.2 92 1.4 21.6 156 42 298.2 301.2 295.8 346.2 16.52 3 965 381 23.0 19.6 81 3.4 20.6 159 43 299.2 301.9 295.0 343.0 15.04 4 952 500 22.2 18.5 80 3.7 19.6 165 45 299.5 302.1 294.6 341.1 14.22 5 942 592 21.8 18.9 84 2.9 19.8 169 46 300.0 302.7 295.1 343.2 14.74 6 938 629 22.2 17.2 73 5.0 18.8 171 46 300.8 303.2 294.3 339.8 13.28 7 926 742 22.8 13.8 57 9.0 16.9 175 48 302.5 304.5 292.9 334.4 10.77 8 925 751 22.6 13.6 57 9.0 16.7 175 48 302.4 304.4 292.8 333.9 10.64 9 909 903 21.8 15.8 69 6.0 17.7 175 49 303.1 305.4 294.4 340.2 12.52 10 892 1067 21.4 12.4 56 9.0 15.5 175 48 304.3 306.2 293.0 334.8 10.19 11 865 1333 19.8 10.8 56 9.0 14.1 173 46 305.4 307.1 292.7 333.7 9.44 12 863 1353 19.8 10.8 56 9.0 14.1 172 47 305.6 307.3 292.8 334.0 9.47 13 860 1383 19.8 6.8 43 13.0 12.0 172 47 305.9 307.2 291.0 327.7 7.22 14 856 1423 19.6 6.6 43 13.0 11.9 171 47 306.1 307.4 291.1 327.8 7.15 15 851 1474 19.2 8.2 49 11.0 12.4 170 47 306.2 307.7 291.9 330.5 8.04 16 850 1484 19.2 8.2 49 11.0 12.4 170 47 306.3 307.8 291.9 330.6 8.05 17 833 1657 18.4 4.4 40 14.0 10.3 175 41 307.2 308.4 290.7 326.5 6.30 18 810 1897 19.6 -5.4 18 25.0 7.2 181 33 310.9 311.5 289.0 321.0 3.15 19 804 1961 19.6 -4.4 19 24.0 7.5 186 30 311.6 312.2 289.5 322.5 3.43 20 800 2004 20.4 -3.6 20 24.0 8.0 189 27 312.9 313.6 290.2 324.6 3.66 21 795 2058 20.2 -2.8 21 23.0 8.2 194 25 313.2 314.0 290.5 325.7 3.91 22 783 2189 21.4 -0.6 23 22.0 9.3 201 20 315.9 316.8 291.9 330.8 4.68 23 700 3144 12.8 -3.2 33 16.0 4.5 215 15 316.7 317.5 291.9 330.5 4.31 24 657 3671 8.2 -5.8 36 14.0 1.4 210 7 317.3 318.0 291.6 329.5 3.77 25 621 4131 3.8 -6.2 48 10.0 -1.0 158 6 317.4 318.1 291.7 329.9 3.87 26 587 4585 0.4 -7.6 55 8.0 -3.3 126 10 318.6 319.3 291.9 330.6 3.68 27 586 4599 0.2 -7.8 55 8.0 -3.4 126 10 318.5 319.2 291.8 330.3 3.63 28 584 4626 1.0 -9.0 47 10.0 -3.5 142 10 319.7 320.4 291.9 330.6 3.31 29 550 5105 -2.5 -11.5 50 9.0 -6.2 299 17 321.1 321.7 291.9 330.7 2.88 30 528 5426 -6.3 -10.9 70 4.6 -8.2 289 23 320.3 320.9 291.9 330.7 3.15 31 525 5471 -6.7 -11.1 71 4.4 -8.5 287 24 320.4 321.0 291.9 330.7 3.12 32 522 5516 -6.5 -12.5 62 6.0 -8.9 286 25 321.1 321.7 291.9 330.5 2.80 33 500 5850 -9.5 -13.4 73 3.9 -11.0 275 32 321.5 322.0 291.9 330.5 2.72 34 471 6310 -13.7 -14.1 97 0.4 -13.9 272 32 321.8 322.3 292.0 330.9 2.73 35 464 6424 -14.1 -17.1 78 3.0 -15.1 271 32 322.7 323.1 291.7 330.0 2.16 36 458 6523 -14.7 -21.7 55 7.0 -16.7 270 32 323.1 323.4 291.2 328.2 1.47 37 453 6607 -15.1 -24.1 46 9.0 -17.5 269 32 323.6 323.9 291.1 327.8 1.20 38 451 6641 -15.5 -22.5 55 7.0 -17.4 268 32 323.5 323.8 291.3 328.4 1.39 39 443 6776 -16.5 -24.5 50 8.0 -18.6 267 33 323.9 324.2 291.2 328.1 1.19 40 440 6827 -16.9 -23.9 55 7.0 -18.7 266 33 324.1 324.3 291.3 328.5 1.26 41 437 6879 -16.9 -25.9 46 9.0 -19.1 265 33 324.7 324.9 291.3 328.4 1.06 42 428 7035 -17.9 -25.9 50 8.0 -19.8 264 33 325.4 325.6 291.5 329.2 1.08 43 426 7071 -18.3 -24.3 59 6.0 -19.8 263 33 325.3 325.5 291.6 329.7 1.26 44 414 7284 -19.5 -26.5 54 7.0 -21.1 260 34 326.4 326.6 291.7 330.2 1.06 45 400 7540 -21.7 -27.7 58 6.0 -23.0 260 30 326.8 327.0 291.8 330.3 0.98 46 397 7595 -22.1 -28.1 58 6.0 -23.4 260 31 327.0 327.2 291.8 330.4 0.95 47 382 7877 -24.3 -31.3 52 7.0 -25.6 260 33 327.7 327.8 291.8 330.4 0.73 48 370 8108 -26.7 -31.2 66 4.5 -27.5 260 34 327.5 327.7 291.8 330.3 0.76 49 367 8167 -27.1 -32.1 62 5.0 -28.0 260 35 327.7 327.9 291.8 330.3 0.71 50 362 8265 -27.9 -31.9 69 4.0 -28.6 260 35 328.0 328.1 291.9 330.6 0.73 51 359 8325 -28.3 -31.5 74 3.2 -28.9 260 36 328.2 328.4 292.0 331.0 0.76 52 345 8609 -29.7 -31.7 83 2.0 -30.0 257 35 330.1 330.2 292.5 332.9 0.78 53 340 8713 -30.5 -32.0 87 1.5 -30.7 252 31 330.4 330.5 292.6 333.2 0.77 54 328 8967 -31.9 -34.3 79 2.4 -32.3 243 28 331.8 332.0 292.9 334.2 0.64 55 321 9119 -33.1 -36.3 73 3.2 -33.5 241 30 332.2 332.3 292.9 334.2 0.53 56 300 9590 -37.5 -41.2 68 3.7 -37.9 245 36 332.5 332.6 292.7 333.8 0.35 57 250 10820 -47.3 -54.3 45 7.0 -47.6 260 63 335.7 335.8 293.3 336.1 0.10 58 203 12175 -54.6 -68.1 17 13.5 -54.8 265 96 344.9 344.9 295.5 344.9 0.02 59 200 12270 -55.1 -69.1 16 14.0 -55.4 265 94 345.5 345.5 295.6 345.6 0.02 60 150 14070 -62.7 -83.7 4 21.0 -62.9 255 79 362.1 362.1 299.1 362.1 0.00 61 100 16520 -70.9 -88.9 5 18.0 -71.0 220 50 390.7 390.7 303.9 390.7 0.00 62 90 17140 -73.5 -89.5 7 16.0 -73.6 219 51 397.5 397.5 304.9 397.5 0.00 63 89 17206 -72.9 -88.9 7 16.0 -72.9 218 51 400.0 400.0 305.2 400.0 0.00 64 84 17543 -75.3 -89.3 9 14.0 -75.3 225 50 401.8 401.8 305.5 401.8 0.00 65 78 17976 -71.7 -89.7 5 18.0 -71.8 210 43 417.9 417.9 307.4 417.9 0.00 66 72 18445 -74.5 -90.5 7 16.0 -74.6 240 33 421.6 421.6 307.9 421.6 0.00 67 70 18610 -72.5 -90.5 5 18.0 -72.6 240 22 429.3 429.3 308.7 429.3 0.00 68 68 18781 -73.1 -91.1 5 18.0 -73.2 237 21 431.6 431.6 309.0 431.6 0.00 69 64 19141 -68.5 -90.5 3 22.0 -68.7 206 15 449.2 449.2 310.8 449.2 0.00 70 60 19527 -70.1 -91.1 3 21.0 -70.2 287 10 454.0 454.0 311.3 454.0 0.00 71 57 19834 -68.3 -91.3 2 23.0 -68.5 289 10 464.8 464.8 312.2 464.8 0.00 72 56 19942 -65.1 -90.1 2 25.0 -65.4 235 11 474.4 474.4 313.0 474.5 0.00 73 55 20052 -65.1 -90.1 2 25.0 -65.4 180 12 476.9 476.9 313.2 476.9 0.00 74 51 20510 -67.3 -90.3 2 23.0 -67.5 261 6 482.2 482.2 313.6 482.2 0.00 75 50 20630 -67.1 -90.1 2 23.0 -67.3 295 4 485.4 485.4 313.9 485.4 0.00 76 48 20877 -66.9 -90.9 2 24.0 -67.1 327 3 491.5 491.5 314.4 491.5 0.00 77 46 21136 -63.7 -89.7 2 26.0 -64.1 31 9 505.3 505.3 315.3 505.3 0.00 78 45 21271 -64.3 -90.3 2 26.0 -64.7 83 16 507.0 507.0 315.4 507.0 0.00 79 39 22160 -57.7 -87.7 1 30.0 -58.6 38 9 544.9 544.9 317.8 544.9 0.00 80 37 22492 -58.7 -87.7 1 29.0 -59.6 29 18 550.6 550.6 318.1 550.6 0.00 81 35 22842 -58.3 -87.3 1 29.0 -59.3 15 11 560.4 560.4 318.6 560.5 0.01 82 32 23413 -53.1 -86.1 1 33.0 -54.9 79 14 588.9 588.9 320.1 589.0 0.01 83 30 23830 -51.7 -84.7 1 33.0 -53.9 255 1 603.7 603.7 320.8 603.8 0.01 84 29 24050 -51.5 -84.5 1 33.0 -53.8 195 1 610.1 610.1 321.0 610.2 0.01 85 28 24277 -52.7 -85.7 1 33.0 -54.8 133 1 612.9 613.0 321.2 613.0 0.01 86 24 25278 -50.1 -84.1 1 34.0 -53.1 88 10 648.1 648.1 322.6 648.2 0.01 87 22 25845 -51.1 -85.1 1 34.0 -54.1 34 9 661.5 661.5 323.1 661.6 0.01 88 20 26470 -47.5 -83.5 1 36.0 -51.8 335 7 690.8 690.8 324.1 690.9 0.02 89 18 27164 -48.9 -83.9 1 35.0 -53.0 4 4 707.5 707.5 324.7 707.6 0.02 90 16 27944 -45.5 -83.5 1 38.0 -51.2 335 13 742.8 742.8 325.7 743.0 0.02 91 15 28373 -46.7 -83.7 1 37.0 -52.2 334 9 752.7 752.7 326.0 752.9 0.02 92 13 29332 -42.3 -82.3 0 40.0 -50.3 183 10 799.4 799.4 327.3 799.7 0.04 93 12 29872 -43.3 -83.3 0 40.0 -51.1 178 11 814.3 814.3 327.6 814.6 0.03 94 12 29872 -40.7 -81.7 0 41.0 -49.8 178 11 823.5 823.6 327.8 823.9 0.04 95 11 30462 -42.9 -81.9 1 39.0 -51.2 220 10 836.3 836.3 328.1 836.7 0.04 96 11 30462 -41.9 -81.9 1 40.0 -50.7 220 10 839.9 840.0 328.2 840.4 0.04 97 10 31110 -40.1 -81.1 0 41.0 -50.3 265 9 869.9 869.9 328.8 870.4 0.06 98 9.4 31535 -37.3 -79.3 0 42.0 -49.4 896.0 896.1 329.4 896.9 0.08 99 8.9 31912 -38.3 -80.3 0 42.0 -50.1 906.3 906.3 329.5 907.0 0.07 100 8.5 32229 -36.5 -79.5 0 43.0 -49.6 925.3 925.4 329.9 926.2 0.08 101 8.0 32648 -38.7 -80.7 0 42.0 -50.8 932.8 932.8 330.1 933.6 0.07 102 7.8 32822 -36.9 -78.9 0 42.0 -50.2 946.7 946.8 330.3 947.9 0.10 103 7.4 33186 -37.7 -79.7 0 42.0 -50.8 957.9 957.9 330.5 958.9 0.09 TRP 84 17543 -75.3 -89.3 9 14.0 -75.3 225 50 401.8 401.8 305.5 401.8 0.00 WND 203 12175 -54.6 -68.1 17 13.5 -54.8 265 96 344.9 344.9 295.5 344.9 0.02 Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5781.00 m Freezing level: 574.29 mb = 4763.18 m = 15627.05 ft Wetbulb zero: 636.00 mb = 3936.34 m = 12914.36 ft Precipitable water: 1.46 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 48.66 % Est. max temperature: 33.47 C = 92.25 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 960.11 mb = 425.76 m = 1396.85 ft T: 22.70 C 700-500 lapse rate: 8.24 C/km ThetaE index: 9.64 C Layer 833.0- 804.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 714.10 mb = 2974.06 m = 9757.30 ft Mean mixing ratio: 14.53 g/kg Conv temperature: 44.03 C = 111.25 F Cap Strength: 8.67 C Lifted Index: -3.72 C Risk: Severe thunderstorms possible Lifted Index @300 mb: -4.88 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 4.34 C Showalter Index: 1.44 C Risk: Showers probable Total Totals Index: 46.40 C Risk: Scattered moderate thunderstorms Vertical Totals Index: 28.70 C Cross Totals Index: 17.70 C K Index: 20.90 Risk: 20-40 % chance of thunderstorms Sweat Index: 370.14 Risk: Showers and thunderstorms possible Energy Index: 0.10 Risk: None Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 1135.27 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 47.65 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 502.01 J/kg Cap Strength: 8.60 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 901.73 mb = 972.66 m = 3191.11 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): 606.73 mb = 4318.81 m = 14169.15 ft Equ Level (EL): 216.73 mb = 11748.95 m = 38545.95 ft B at Equ Level: 1134.44 J/kg Max Parcel Lev (MPL): 126.73 mb = 15088.43 m = 49502.12 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 223 at 18 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 1007 6 140 17 -10.9 13.0 | 89 23 -23.4 -0.3 1 1000 69 150 26 -13.0 22.5 | 110 27 -25.5 9.2 2 973 305 155 42 -17.7 38.1 | 129 39 -30.2 24.8 3 940 610 170 46 -8.0 45.3 | 147 38 -20.5 32.0 4 925 751 175 48 -4.2 47.8 | 154 38 -16.7 34.5 5 908 914 175 49 -4.3 48.8 | 155 39 -16.7 35.5 6 876 1219 175 46 -4.0 45.8 | 153 36 -16.5 32.5 7 850 1484 170 47 -8.2 46.3 | 148 39 -20.6 33.0 8 846 1524 175 45 -3.9 44.8 | 153 36 -16.4 31.5 9 816 1829 175 36 -3.1 35.9 | 145 27 -15.6 22.6 10 788 2134 200 21 7.2 19.7 | 141 8 -5.3 6.4 11 760 2438 205 18 7.6 16.3 | 122 6 -4.9 3.0 12 734 2743 210 19 9.5 16.5 | 137 4 -3.0 3.2 13 700 3144 215 15 8.6 12.3 | 76 4 -3.9 -1.0 14 682 3353 210 12 6.0 10.4 | 66 7 -6.5 -2.9 15 657 3658 210 7 3.5 6.1 | 51 12 -9.0 -7.2 16 609 4267 140 6 -3.9 4.6 | 62 18 -16.3 -8.7 17 586 4572 125 10 -8.2 5.7 | 70 22 -20.7 -7.5 18 564 4877 305 13 10.6 -7.5 | 5 21 -1.8 -20.7 19 500 5850 275 32 31.9 -2.8 | 310 25 19.4 -16.1 20 484 6096 275 31 30.9 -2.7 | 311 24 18.4 -16.0 21 412 7315 260 34 33.5 5.9 | 289 22 21.0 -7.4 22 400 7540 260 30 29.5 5.2 | 295 19 17.1 -8.1 23 396 7620 260 31 30.5 5.4 | 294 20 18.1 -7.9 24 348 8534 260 37 36.4 6.4 | 286 25 24.0 -6.9 25 333 8839 245 26 23.6 11.0 | 282 11 11.1 -2.3 26 319 9144 240 31 26.8 15.5 | 261 15 14.4 2.2 27 300 9590 245 36 32.6 15.2 | 265 20 20.2 1.9 28 268 10363 240 39 33.8 19.5 | 254 22 21.3 6.2 29 250 10820 260 63 62.0 10.9 | 273 50 49.6 -2.3 30 244 10973 260 62 61.1 10.8 | 273 49 48.6 -2.5 31 203 12175 265 96 95.6 8.4 | 273 83 83.2 -4.9 32 200 12270 265 94 93.6 8.2 | 274 81 81.2 -5.1 33 193 12497 265 96 95.6 8.4 | 273 83 83.2 -4.9 34 150 14070 255 79 76.3 20.4 | 264 64 63.8 7.2 35 144 14326 255 80 77.3 20.7 | 263 65 64.8 7.4 36 124 15240 265 57 56.8 5.0 | 281 45 44.3 -8.3 37 112 15850 255 66 63.8 17.1 | 266 51 51.3 3.8 38 101 16459 245 60 54.4 25.4 | 254 44 41.9 12.1 39 100 16520 220 50 32.1 38.3 | 218 32 19.7 25.0 40 96 16764 225 50 35.4 35.4 | 226 32 22.9 22.1 41 86 17374 215 52 29.8 42.6 | 211 34 17.4 29.3 42 84 17543 225 50 35.4 35.4 | 226 32 22.9 22.1 43 78 17983 210 43 21.5 37.2 | 201 26 9.0 24.0 44 74 18288 235 36 29.5 20.6 | 247 19 17.0 7.4 45 70 18593 245 30 27.2 12.7 | 272 15 14.7 -0.6 46 70 18610 240 22 19.1 11.0 | 289 7 6.6 -2.3 47 67 18898 235 21 17.2 12.0 | 285 5 4.7 -1.2 48 63 19202 200 14 4.8 13.2 | 89 8 -7.7 -0.1 49 60 19507 285 10 9.7 -2.6 | 10 16 -2.8 -15.9 50 57 19812 305 10 8.2 -5.7 | 13 19 -4.3 -19.0 51 54 20117 150 13 -6.5 11.3 | 84 19 -19.0 -2.0 52 50 20630 295 4 3.6 -1.7 | 31 17 -8.8 -15.0 53 47 21031 345 3 0.8 -2.9 | 36 20 -11.7 -16.2 54 45 21336 100 18 -17.7 3.1 | 71 32 -30.2 -10.2 55 43 21641 115 22 -19.9 9.3 | 83 33 -32.4 -4.0 56 41 21946 105 4 -3.9 1.0 | 53 20 -16.3 -12.3 57 39 22250 20 10 -3.4 -9.4 | 35 28 -15.9 -22.7 58 37 22555 30 19 -9.5 -16.5 | 36 37 -22.0 -29.7 59 35 22860 15 11 -2.8 -10.6 | 33 28 -15.3 -23.9 60 33 23165 40 14 -9.0 -10.7 | 42 32 -21.5 -24.0 61 32 23470 85 14 -13.9 -1.2 | 61 30 -26.4 -14.5 62 30 23774 120 14 -12.1 7.0 | 76 25 -24.6 -6.3 63 30 23830 255 1 1.0 0.3 | 41 17 -11.5 -13.0 64 28 24384 105 1 -1.0 0.3 | 46 19 -13.4 -13.0 65 25 24994 115 11 -10.0 4.6 | 69 24 -22.4 -8.6 66 20 26470 335 7 3.0 -6.3 | 26 22 -9.5 -19.6 67 20 26518 105 1 -1.0 0.3 | 46 19 -13.4 -13.0 68 17 27432 325 5 2.9 -4.1 | 29 20 -9.6 -17.4 69 17 27737 290 1 0.9 -0.3 | 40 18 -11.5 -13.6 70 16 28042 350 17 3.0 -16.7 | 18 31 -9.5 -30.0 71 15 28346 345 10 2.6 -9.7 | 23 25 -9.9 -22.9 72 14 28651 275 2 2.0 -0.2 | 38 17 -10.5 -13.5 73 13 29566 155 12 -5.1 10.9 | 82 18 -17.5 -2.4 74 10 31110 265 9 9.0 0.8 | 16 13 -3.5 -12.5 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 193.2 at 24.3 knts Storm direction: 223.2 at 18.2 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 3.7 neg: 0.5 tot: 4.2 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 7.3 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 346.8 neg: -66.5 tot: 280.3 m^2/s^2 ave: 93.4 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.32 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 15.1 stream: 4.9 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 2.45 Bulk Rich Number: 17.14 Bulk Shear: 66.25 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 156 36 126 34| 31.0 0.0 31.0|235.5 0.0 235.5 471.0 0.83| 35.0 29.0 1000 166 42 140 36| 18.3 0.0 18.3|327.7 -3.1 324.7 324.7 0.83| 22.9 19.0 1500 169 43 144 36| 12.2 1.0 13.2|334.2 -34.2 300.0 200.0 0.68| 17.4 11.8 2000 170 42 145 34| 6.1 0.7 6.8|345.7 -55.4 290.3 145.1 0.46| 18.7 8.7 2500 173 38 145 29| 4.4 0.6 5.0|345.7 -64.0 281.6 112.6 0.36| 17.3 6.2 3000 177 34 145 26| 3.7 0.5 4.2|346.8 -66.5 280.3 93.4 0.32| 15.1 4.9 4000 179 28 139 20| 2.8 2.0 4.8|354.5 -73.7 280.9 70.2 0.26| 13.1 3.4 5000 179 24 130 17| 4.5 2.1 6.6|380.4-114.7 265.7 53.1 0.11| 15.0 1.6 6000 193 24 146 12| 3.7 0.4 4.2|381.9-232.3 149.6 24.9 -0.02| 14.2 -0.3 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KBRO/skewt/KBRO.skewt.20250430.12.gif