UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025042112.upa.cvt Date: 1200Z 21 APR 25 Searching for KBRO... Searching the city database file for: KBRO ... Date:1200Z 21 APR 25 Station: KBRO WMO ident: 72250 Latitude: 25.90 Longitude: -97.43 Elevation: 6.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SFC 1013 6 24.4 23.2 93 1.2 23.6 150 5 296.5 299.7 296.3 348.3 17.95 1 1000 118 23.8 23.1 96 0.7 23.3 175 8 297.0 300.2 296.5 349.2 18.07 2 953 539 21.2 21.2 100 0.0 21.2 194 9 298.4 301.5 296.1 347.5 16.86 3 943 630 20.0 19.5 97 0.5 19.6 197 9 298.1 300.9 294.9 342.5 15.30 4 925 797 20.0 20.0 100 0.0 20.0 175 8 299.8 302.7 295.9 346.9 16.11 5 922 825 19.8 19.8 100 0.0 19.8 174 8 299.8 302.7 295.8 346.5 15.96 6 918 863 20.0 20.0 100 0.0 20.0 172 9 300.4 303.4 296.2 348.0 16.24 7 873 1297 17.6 17.6 100 0.0 17.6 169 13 302.3 305.0 295.6 345.6 14.66 8 867 1356 17.2 16.1 93 1.1 16.5 168 13 302.4 304.9 294.8 342.1 13.39 9 850 1526 16.4 15.6 95 0.8 15.9 175 12 303.3 305.8 295.0 342.6 13.23 10 828 1749 15.0 15.0 100 0.0 15.0 197 14 304.1 306.6 295.0 343.0 13.06 11 818 1852 14.6 13.3 92 1.3 13.7 205 15 304.8 307.0 294.3 340.1 11.82 12 807 1967 14.0 13.5 97 0.5 13.7 203 15 305.3 307.6 294.7 341.7 12.14 13 780 2254 12.8 10.7 87 2.1 11.4 200 14 307.0 309.0 293.9 338.5 10.42 14 765 2417 11.8 9.7 87 2.1 10.5 200 14 307.6 309.5 293.7 337.7 9.93 15 761 2461 11.0 11.0 100 0.0 11.0 199 14 307.2 309.3 294.4 340.1 10.90 16 755 2527 10.6 10.6 100 0.0 10.6 197 12 307.5 309.5 294.3 339.8 10.70 17 753 2549 10.4 8.2 86 2.2 9.0 197 11 307.5 309.2 293.1 335.1 9.10 18 745 2638 10.0 7.2 83 2.8 8.3 194 9 308.0 309.6 292.8 334.1 8.59 19 743 2660 9.2 8.4 95 0.8 8.7 193 8 307.4 309.1 293.3 335.7 9.35 20 740 2694 9.2 7.6 90 1.6 8.2 192 7 307.7 309.4 293.0 334.7 8.89 21 737 2728 10.2 5.2 71 5.0 7.3 191 6 309.2 310.6 292.3 332.3 7.55 22 733 2773 9.4 5.4 76 4.0 7.1 201 6 308.8 310.2 292.3 332.3 7.70 23 723 2888 10.6 -1.4 43 12.0 4.4 250 6 311.3 312.2 290.6 326.3 4.78 24 719 2934 9.6 -0.4 50 10.0 4.3 270 6 310.7 311.7 290.8 326.9 5.17 25 718 2945 10.2 -1.8 43 12.0 4.0 275 6 311.5 312.4 290.6 326.2 4.67 26 711 3027 10.2 -5.8 32 16.0 2.5 310 5 312.4 313.0 289.8 323.5 3.49 27 700 3157 9.6 -10.4 23 20.0 0.9 5 5 313.1 313.6 289.1 321.1 2.47 28 697 3193 10.0 -10.0 23 20.0 1.2 17 4 313.9 314.4 289.5 322.3 2.56 29 677 3434 8.2 -10.8 25 19.0 0.0 102 1 314.6 315.0 289.6 322.6 2.48 30 671 3507 7.8 -6.2 36 14.0 1.1 129 2 314.9 315.6 290.7 326.4 3.58 31 648 3793 6.0 -4.0 49 10.0 1.0 217 6 316.0 316.9 291.7 330.1 4.39 32 626 4075 4.0 -8.0 41 12.0 -1.4 259 10 316.9 317.5 291.0 327.7 3.34 33 615 4219 2.6 -11.4 35 14.0 -3.3 256 11 316.9 317.4 290.4 325.4 2.60 34 611 4272 2.4 -16.6 23 19.0 -4.7 255 11 317.2 317.6 289.6 323.0 1.71 35 543 5210 -5.9 -12.9 58 7.0 -8.6 275 23 318.2 318.8 290.8 326.9 2.61 36 534 5341 -6.9 -16.9 45 10.0 -10.4 270 26 318.6 318.9 290.3 325.0 1.91 37 500 5850 -11.7 -18.7 56 7.0 -13.9 265 27 318.8 319.1 290.2 324.7 1.75 38 477 6207 -15.1 -18.8 73 3.7 -16.2 260 23 318.9 319.2 290.3 325.0 1.82 39 475 6239 -15.5 -22.5 55 7.0 -17.4 260 22 318.8 319.0 289.8 323.3 1.32 40 471 6302 -15.7 -24.7 46 9.0 -18.0 260 21 319.3 319.5 289.7 323.1 1.10 41 470 6318 -15.7 -26.7 38 11.0 -18.3 260 21 319.5 319.7 289.6 322.7 0.92 42 469 6334 -15.3 -33.3 20 18.0 -18.8 260 20 320.2 320.3 289.3 322.0 0.49 43 466 6383 -14.9 -35.9 15 21.0 -18.8 260 19 321.3 321.4 289.6 322.7 0.38 44 456 6546 -15.9 -50.9 3 35.0 -20.2 260 16 322.0 322.0 289.5 322.3 0.08 45 445 6729 -16.5 -54.5 2 38.0 -20.7 259 13 323.5 323.5 289.9 323.7 0.05 46 442 6780 -16.5 -54.5 2 38.0 -20.8 257 14 324.2 324.2 290.1 324.4 0.05 47 400 7520 -22.3 -57.3 3 35.0 -25.4 260 17 326.0 326.0 290.6 326.2 0.04 48 397 7575 -22.7 -56.7 3 34.0 -25.7 260 16 326.2 326.2 290.7 326.4 0.04 49 326 8995 -32.7 -54.7 9 22.0 -34.2 277 48 331.3 331.3 292.2 331.6 0.07 50 324 9039 -31.9 -59.9 5 28.0 -33.6 278 49 333.0 333.0 292.6 333.2 0.04 51 300 9580 -34.9 -60.9 5 26.0 -36.3 270 67 336.2 336.2 293.4 336.3 0.04 52 287 9887 -36.9 -61.9 6 25.0 -38.1 274 72 337.6 337.6 293.7 337.7 0.03 53 276 10156 -37.7 -63.7 5 26.0 -38.9 277 76 340.3 340.3 294.4 340.4 0.03 54 275 10181 -37.7 -63.7 5 26.0 -38.9 277 76 340.6 340.6 294.5 340.7 0.03 55 250 10830 -42.5 -64.5 7 22.0 -43.3 285 86 342.9 342.9 295.0 343.0 0.03 56 244 10994 -43.5 -65.5 7 22.0 -44.2 285 81 343.8 343.8 295.3 343.9 0.02 57 228 11446 -47.0 -66.0 10 18.9 -47.6 285 103 345.1 345.1 295.6 345.2 0.02 58 200 12300 -53.9 -66.9 19 13.0 -54.2 280 97 347.4 347.4 296.1 347.5 0.02 59 194 12495 -55.3 -67.3 21 12.0 -55.5 280 96 348.2 348.2 296.3 348.3 0.02 60 150 14100 -65.9 -78.9 15 13.0 -66.0 280 84 356.6 356.6 298.0 356.6 0.01 61 124 15237 -71.9 -83.9 15 12.0 -71.9 290 66 365.6 365.6 299.8 365.6 0.00 62 100 16510 -69.9 -87.9 6 18.0 -70.0 270 36 392.7 392.7 304.2 392.7 0.00 63 80 17820 -74.5 -89.5 8 15.0 -74.6 273 38 409.1 409.1 306.4 409.1 0.00 64 76 18119 -71.9 -89.9 5 18.0 -72.0 265 35 420.6 420.6 307.8 420.6 0.00 65 70 18600 -74.5 -90.5 7 16.0 -74.6 285 25 425.0 425.0 308.3 425.0 0.00 66 68 18769 -75.1 -91.1 7 16.0 -75.2 288 26 427.2 427.2 308.5 427.3 0.00 67 66 18944 -71.9 -90.9 4 19.0 -72.0 287 25 437.9 437.9 309.7 437.9 0.00 68 62 19313 -73.5 -91.5 5 18.0 -73.6 251 21 442.2 442.2 310.1 442.2 0.00 69 60 19506 -71.1 -91.1 4 20.0 -71.2 216 17 451.8 451.8 311.0 451.8 0.00 70 60 19506 -71.3 -92.3 3 21.0 -71.4 216 17 451.3 451.3 311.0 451.3 0.00 71 58 19709 -67.9 -90.9 2 23.0 -68.1 236 21 463.4 463.4 312.1 463.4 0.00 72 57 19814 -66.7 -91.7 2 25.0 -66.9 248 22 468.4 468.4 312.5 468.4 0.00 73 54 20141 -67.9 -90.9 2 23.0 -68.1 301 14 473.0 473.0 312.9 473.0 0.00 74 50 20610 -63.9 -90.9 1 27.0 -64.3 330 15 492.9 492.9 314.4 492.9 0.00 75 49 20734 -62.9 -89.9 1 27.0 -63.3 335 10 498.1 498.1 314.8 498.1 0.00 76 47 20990 -64.1 -90.1 2 26.0 -64.5 331 13 501.2 501.2 315.0 501.2 0.00 77 44 21397 -61.9 -89.9 1 28.0 -62.4 27 9 516.1 516.1 316.1 516.2 0.00 78 41 21835 -61.1 -89.1 1 28.0 -61.7 153 12 528.7 528.7 316.8 528.7 0.00 79 39 22145 -62.5 -89.5 1 27.0 -63.0 79 10 532.7 532.7 317.1 532.8 0.00 80 32 23382 -56.9 -87.9 1 31.0 -58.1 77 14 578.7 578.7 319.6 578.8 0.01 81 31 23583 -58.1 -88.1 1 30.0 -59.2 84 12 580.8 580.8 319.7 580.8 0.01 82 30 23790 -57.1 -88.1 1 31.0 -58.4 100 10 589.0 589.0 320.1 589.0 0.01 83 26 24699 -54.9 -86.9 1 32.0 -56.7 356 10 619.8 619.8 321.5 619.9 0.01 84 26 24699 -55.5 -87.5 1 32.0 -57.2 356 10 618.1 618.1 321.4 618.2 0.01 85 22 25777 -49.9 -84.9 1 35.0 -53.2 23 5 665.1 665.1 323.3 665.2 0.01 86 20 26400 -50.1 -85.1 1 35.0 -53.5 15 12 682.8 682.8 323.9 682.9 0.01 87 19 26735 -50.9 -85.9 1 35.0 -54.2 31 14 690.4 690.4 324.1 690.5 0.01 88 14 28747 -46.7 -84.7 1 38.0 -52.4 223 4 767.7 767.7 326.4 767.9 0.02 89 14 28747 -46.9 -84.9 1 38.0 -52.5 223 4 767.0 767.0 326.4 767.2 0.02 90 13 29241 -44.3 -84.3 0 40.0 -51.3 216 7 792.4 792.4 327.1 792.7 0.02 91 11 30371 -41.1 -82.1 0 41.0 -50.4 261 16 842.8 842.9 328.2 843.2 0.04 92 10 31020 -40.7 -81.7 0 41.0 -50.6 250 20 867.6 867.6 328.8 868.1 0.05 93 10 31020 -40.1 -81.1 0 41.0 -50.3 250 20 869.9 869.9 328.8 870.4 0.06 94 7.8 32725 -36.9 -78.9 0 42.0 -50.2 240 17 946.7 946.8 330.3 947.9 0.10 95 7.0 33470 -38.7 -80.7 0 42.0 -51.5 235 16 969.1 969.1 330.7 970.0 0.08 96 6.8 33669 -38.9 -80.9 0 42.0 -51.7 976.3 976.3 330.8 977.2 0.08 97 6.4 34086 -37.7 -79.7 0 42.0 -51.6 998.5 998.5 331.2 999.7 0.11 TRP 124 15237 -71.9 -83.9 15 12.0 -71.9 290 66 365.6 365.6 299.8 365.6 0.00 WND 228 11446 -47.0 -66.0 10 18.9 -47.6 285 103 345.1 345.1 295.6 345.2 0.02 Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5732.00 m Freezing level: 591.34 mb = 4543.02 m = 14904.75 ft Wetbulb zero: 638.92 mb = 3908.51 m = 12823.05 ft Precipitable water: 1.83 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 66.02 % Est. max temperature: 30.62 C = 87.12 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 995.86 mb = 154.24 m = 506.02 ft T: 23.58 C 700-500 lapse rate: 7.91 C/km ThetaE index: 6.70 C Layer 953.0- 925.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 954.47 mb = 525.11 m = 1722.77 ft Mean mixing ratio: 16.90 g/kg Conv temperature: 26.34 C = 79.41 F Cap Strength: 0.31 C Lifted Index: -7.79 C Risk: Severe thunderstorms probable Lifted Index @300 mb: -5.04 C Lifted Index @700 mb: -0.26 C Showalter Index: -5.98 C Risk: Severe thunderstorms possible Total Totals Index: 55.40 C Risk: Severe Thunderstorms probable Vertical Totals Index: 28.10 C Cross Totals Index: 27.30 C K Index: 23.70 Risk: 20-40 % chance of thunderstorms Sweat Index: 366.20 Risk: Showers and thunderstorms possible Energy Index: -3.54 Risk: Severe Thunderstorms probable Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 1728.81 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 58.80 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 0.00 J/kg Cap Strength: 0.14 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 957.83 mb = 494.39 m = 1622.01 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): 952.83 mb = 540.11 m = 1771.98 ft Equ Level (EL): 912.83 mb = 911.64 m = 2990.92 ft B at Equ Level: 15.86 J/kg Max Parcel Lev (MPL): 102.83 mb = 16344.86 m = 53624.21 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 264 at 10 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 1013 6 150 5 -2.5 4.3 | 106 13 -12.1 3.4 1 1000 118 175 8 -0.7 8.0 | 124 12 -10.3 7.0 2 979 305 175 10 -0.9 10.0 | 131 14 -10.5 9.0 3 945 610 200 9 3.1 8.5 | 139 10 -6.5 7.5 4 925 797 175 8 -0.7 8.0 | 124 12 -10.3 7.0 5 912 914 170 9 -1.6 8.9 | 125 14 -11.2 7.9 6 881 1219 170 13 -2.3 12.8 | 135 17 -11.9 11.9 7 850 1524 165 13 -3.4 12.6 | 132 17 -13.0 11.6 8 850 1526 175 12 -1.0 12.0 | 136 15 -10.6 11.0 9 820 1829 205 15 6.3 13.6 | 166 13 -3.3 12.7 10 791 2134 200 14 4.8 13.2 | 158 13 -4.8 12.2 11 763 2438 200 14 4.8 13.2 | 158 13 -4.8 12.2 12 735 2743 190 6 1.0 5.9 | 120 10 -8.6 5.0 13 700 3157 5 5 -0.4 -5.0 | 59 12 -10.0 -5.9 14 683 3353 75 1 -1.0 -0.3 | 84 11 -10.6 -1.2 15 658 3658 190 3 0.5 3.0 | 102 9 -9.1 2.0 16 633 3962 260 10 9.8 1.7 | 197 1 0.2 0.8 17 609 4267 255 11 10.6 2.8 | 208 2 1.0 1.9 18 565 4877 265 17 16.9 1.5 | 266 7 7.3 0.5 19 544 5182 275 23 22.9 -2.0 | 282 14 13.3 -2.9 20 523 5486 265 29 28.9 2.5 | 265 19 19.3 1.6 21 500 5850 265 27 26.9 2.4 | 265 17 17.3 1.4 22 484 6096 260 25 24.6 4.3 | 257 15 15.0 3.4 23 446 6706 260 13 12.8 2.3 | 248 3 3.2 1.3 24 428 7010 245 18 16.3 7.6 | 225 9 6.7 6.7 25 411 7315 265 16 15.9 1.4 | 266 6 6.3 0.5 26 400 7520 260 17 16.7 3.0 | 254 7 7.1 2.0 27 394 7620 260 16 15.8 2.8 | 253 6 6.2 1.8 28 378 7925 260 20 19.7 3.5 | 256 10 10.1 2.5 29 319 9144 280 52 51.2 -9.0 | 283 43 41.6 -10.0 30 306 9449 275 65 64.8 -5.7 | 277 56 55.2 -6.6 31 300 9580 270 67 67.0 -0.0 | 271 57 57.4 -0.9 32 250 10830 285 86 83.1 -22.3 | 288 77 73.5 -23.2 33 245 10973 285 80 77.3 -20.7 | 288 71 67.7 -21.6 34 228 11446 285 103 99.5 -26.7 | 287 94 89.9 -27.6 35 223 11582 285 103 99.5 -26.7 | 287 94 89.9 -27.6 36 200 12300 280 97 95.5 -16.8 | 282 88 85.9 -17.8 37 150 14100 280 84 82.7 -14.6 | 282 75 73.1 -15.5 38 144 14326 280 85 83.7 -14.8 | 282 76 74.1 -15.7 39 124 15237 290 66 62.0 -22.6 | 294 57 52.4 -23.5 40 124 15240 290 65 61.1 -22.2 | 294 56 51.5 -23.2 41 118 15545 290 65 61.1 -22.2 | 294 56 51.5 -23.2 42 106 16154 295 43 39.0 -18.2 | 303 35 29.4 -19.1 43 101 16459 280 36 35.5 -6.3 | 286 27 25.9 -7.2 44 100 16510 270 36 36.0 -0.0 | 272 26 26.4 -0.9 45 96 16764 270 37 37.0 -0.0 | 272 27 27.4 -0.9 46 91 17069 255 37 35.7 9.6 | 252 28 26.1 8.6 47 86 17374 270 50 50.0 -0.0 | 271 40 40.4 -0.9 48 82 17678 280 40 39.4 -6.9 | 285 31 29.8 -7.9 49 78 17983 265 35 34.9 3.1 | 265 25 25.3 2.1 50 74 18288 265 35 34.9 3.1 | 265 25 25.3 2.1 51 70 18600 285 25 24.1 -6.5 | 297 16 14.5 -7.4 52 67 18898 290 26 24.4 -8.9 | 304 18 14.8 -9.8 53 63 19202 275 23 22.9 -2.0 | 282 14 13.3 -2.9 54 60 19507 215 17 9.8 13.9 | 181 13 0.2 13.0 55 57 19812 245 22 19.9 9.3 | 231 13 10.3 8.4 56 54 20117 300 14 12.1 -7.0 | 342 8 2.5 -7.9 57 52 20422 305 10 8.2 -5.7 | 12 7 -1.4 -6.7 58 50 20610 330 15 7.5 -13.0 | 9 14 -2.1 -13.9 59 49 20726 335 10 4.2 -9.1 | 28 11 -5.4 -10.0 60 47 21031 330 13 6.5 -11.3 | 14 13 -3.1 -12.2 61 44 21336 350 6 1.0 -5.9 | 51 11 -8.6 -6.9 62 42 21641 150 17 -8.5 14.7 | 127 23 -18.1 13.8 63 40 21946 155 10 -4.2 9.1 | 120 16 -13.8 8.1 64 38 22250 45 10 -7.1 -7.1 | 64 18 -16.7 -8.0 65 37 22555 65 12 -10.9 -5.1 | 74 21 -20.5 -6.0 66 33 23165 70 15 -14.1 -5.1 | 76 24 -23.7 -6.1 67 30 23774 90 11 -11.0 0.0 | 87 21 -20.6 -0.9 68 30 23790 100 10 -9.8 1.7 | 92 19 -19.4 0.8 69 29 24079 85 12 -12.0 -1.0 | 85 22 -21.6 -2.0 70 27 24384 150 7 -3.5 6.1 | 111 14 -13.1 5.1 71 26 24689 355 10 0.9 -10.0 | 39 14 -8.7 -10.9 72 25 24994 10 12 -2.1 -11.8 | 42 17 -11.7 -12.8 73 24 25298 30 10 -5.0 -8.7 | 57 17 -14.6 -9.6 74 23 25603 40 3 -1.9 -2.3 | 74 12 -11.5 -3.2 75 21 26213 345 10 2.6 -9.7 | 33 13 -7.0 -10.6 76 20 26400 15 12 -3.1 -11.6 | 45 18 -12.7 -12.5 77 19 26822 35 14 -8.0 -11.5 | 55 22 -17.6 -12.4 78 18 27127 40 12 -7.7 -9.2 | 60 20 -17.3 -10.1 79 17 27432 20 9 -3.1 -8.5 | 53 16 -12.7 -9.4 80 16 27737 355 10 0.9 -10.0 | 39 14 -8.7 -10.9 81 14 28956 200 3 1.0 2.8 | 102 9 -8.6 1.9 82 12 29566 230 10 7.7 6.4 | 161 6 -1.9 5.5 83 12 29870 270 13 13.0 -0.0 | 286 4 3.4 -0.9 84 10 31020 250 20 18.8 6.8 | 237 11 9.2 5.9 85 7 33470 235 16 13.1 9.2 | 203 9 3.5 8.2 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 234.4 at 12.9 knts Storm direction: 264.4 at 9.6 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 2.8 neg: 1.2 tot: 4.0 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): -52.2 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 66.3 neg: -45.3 tot: 20.9 m^2/s^2 ave: 7.0 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: -0.01 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 8.4 stream: -0.0 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.72 Bulk Rich Number: 108.33 Bulk Shear: 15.96 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 177 9 128 13| 6.7 0.0 6.7| 23.0 0.0 23.0 45.9 0.78| 9.1 7.1 1000 180 9 129 12| 3.3 1.9 5.3| 27.9 -8.5 19.4 19.4 0.33| 8.4 2.8 1500 175 10 131 14| 2.2 2.1 4.4| 34.6 -12.0 22.6 15.0 0.31| 6.9 2.2 2000 181 11 137 14| 3.7 1.6 5.3| 66.3 -13.9 52.4 26.2 0.46| 7.7 3.6 2500 186 12 142 13| 2.9 1.5 4.4| 66.3 -21.5 44.7 17.9 0.36| 6.7 2.4 3000 188 11 141 13| 2.8 1.2 4.0| 66.3 -45.3 20.9 7.0 -0.01| 8.4 -0.0 4000 190 9 136 11| 3.4 1.8 5.3|102.9 -45.3 57.6 14.4 0.21| 9.6 2.1 5000 211 10 150 9| 3.5 1.2 4.7|109.9 -45.3 64.5 12.9 0.25| 8.8 2.2 6000 234 13 187 7| 2.9 0.9 3.8|114.2 -71.7 42.5 7.1 0.16| 8.6 1.4 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KBRO/skewt/KBRO.skewt.20250421.12.gif