UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025120412.upa.cvt Date: 1200Z 4 DEC 25 Searching for KALB... Searching the city database file for: KALB ... Date:1200Z 4 DEC 25 Station: KALB WMO ident: 72518 Latitude: 42.75 Longitude: -73.80 Elevation: 89.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SFC 1000 89 -1.5 -4.2 82 2.7 -2.5 125 3 271.6 272.1 270.7 279.3 2.80 1 996 122 0.0 -3.8 76 3.8 -1.4 223 7 273.5 273.9 271.9 281.4 2.89 2 972 325 -1.1 -7.1 64 6.0 -3.1 241 11 274.3 274.7 271.5 280.7 2.30 3 925 733 -4.3 -8.2 74 3.9 -5.5 260 17 274.9 275.3 271.8 281.1 2.22 4 896 984 -5.9 -9.1 78 3.2 -6.9 274 22 275.8 276.1 272.2 281.8 2.14 5 887 1063 -5.7 -9.1 77 3.4 -6.8 280 24 276.8 277.1 272.8 282.9 2.16 6 863 1278 -6.7 -10.3 76 3.6 -7.8 290 29 277.9 278.3 273.2 283.7 2.02 7 850 1396 -7.7 -10.9 78 3.2 -8.7 290 32 278.1 278.4 273.2 283.6 1.95 8 806 1807 -10.3 -12.4 85 2.1 -10.9 276 30 279.6 279.9 273.9 284.8 1.83 9 786 2002 -8.5 -9.9 90 1.4 -8.9 269 36 283.5 283.9 276.7 290.1 2.29 10 779 2071 -8.7 -10.1 90 1.4 -9.2 267 38 284.0 284.4 277.0 290.6 2.27 11 767 2191 -8.3 -10.9 81 2.6 -9.1 265 41 285.7 286.1 277.7 292.1 2.17 12 760 2262 -8.9 -12.0 78 3.1 -9.8 265 42 285.8 286.2 277.5 291.7 2.00 13 754 2324 -8.7 -12.0 77 3.3 -9.7 265 42 286.7 287.0 278.0 292.6 2.02 14 727 2606 -9.5 -13.9 70 4.4 -10.8 262 49 288.8 289.1 278.7 294.2 1.79 15 700 2897 -11.9 -15.1 77 3.2 -12.8 260 53 289.3 289.6 278.8 294.4 1.69 16 652 3435 -16.3 -18.1 86 1.8 -16.7 253 56 290.3 290.5 278.9 294.6 1.41 17 639 3585 -17.3 -19.4 84 2.1 -17.8 251 57 290.8 291.0 279.0 294.8 1.29 18 632 3668 -17.3 -19.6 82 2.3 -17.9 250 57 291.7 292.0 279.4 295.7 1.28 19 626 3739 -16.7 -19.9 76 3.2 -17.4 251 59 293.2 293.4 280.0 297.1 1.26 20 568 4463 -19.7 -31.7 34 12.0 -21.5 258 69 298.0 298.0 281.1 299.5 0.47 21 550 4702 -20.3 -31.3 37 11.0 -22.1 257 71 300.0 300.1 282.0 301.7 0.51 22 500 5400 -24.7 -29.7 63 5.0 -25.5 255 82 302.9 303.0 283.4 305.1 0.65 23 498 5429 -24.9 -29.9 63 5.0 -25.7 255 82 303.0 303.1 283.5 305.2 0.64 24 488 5577 -25.1 -31.1 57 6.0 -26.0 255 85 304.5 304.7 284.0 306.5 0.58 25 447 6208 -29.9 -32.5 78 2.6 -30.2 257 94 306.2 306.3 284.6 308.1 0.56 26 428 6516 -31.9 -36.0 67 4.1 -32.4 258 98 307.5 307.6 284.9 309.0 0.41 27 405 6903 -34.9 -39.9 60 5.0 -35.3 258 100 308.5 308.6 285.1 309.6 0.29 28 400 6990 -35.7 -40.6 61 4.9 -36.1 260 101 308.6 308.6 285.1 309.6 0.28 29 386 7237 -37.7 -42.1 63 4.4 -38.0 260 103 309.1 309.2 285.3 310.0 0.24 30 374 7455 -39.3 -43.8 62 4.5 -39.6 258 107 309.8 309.9 285.5 310.6 0.21 31 363 7659 -40.7 -44.7 65 4.0 -40.9 255 111 310.6 310.6 285.8 311.3 0.20 32 356 7792 -41.5 -44.9 69 3.4 -41.7 255 113 311.3 311.3 286.0 312.0 0.20 33 349 7927 -41.9 -46.0 64 4.1 -42.1 255 116 312.5 312.5 286.4 313.1 0.18 34 340 8104 -40.7 -47.7 47 7.0 -41.1 256 122 316.5 316.5 287.8 317.0 0.15 35 325 8412 -41.7 -50.7 37 9.0 -42.2 259 133 319.2 319.2 288.6 319.6 0.11 36 306 8818 -45.1 -53.1 40 8.0 -45.4 260 139 320.0 320.0 288.8 320.3 0.09 37 300 8950 -45.9 -53.9 40 8.0 -46.2 260 138 320.7 320.7 289.0 321.0 0.08 38 272 9595 -50.7 -59.7 34 9.0 -50.9 256 133 322.8 322.8 289.7 323.0 0.05 39 250 10140 -54.1 -62.1 37 8.0 -54.2 255 130 325.6 325.6 290.5 325.8 0.04 40 244 10296 -55.3 -63.3 36 8.0 -55.4 258 129 326.1 326.1 290.6 326.2 0.03 41 236 10508 -56.1 -65.1 31 9.0 -56.2 258 128 328.0 328.0 291.2 328.1 0.03 42 229 10699 -57.1 -65.1 36 8.0 -57.2 250 133 329.3 329.3 291.6 329.4 0.03 43 227 10755 -57.1 -66.1 31 9.0 -57.2 252 135 330.2 330.2 291.8 330.3 0.02 44 224 10839 -57.0 -66.0 31 9.0 -57.1 255 139 331.7 331.7 292.2 331.8 0.02 45 223 10867 -56.9 -65.9 31 9.0 -57.1 255 139 332.2 332.2 292.3 332.3 0.02 46 209 11280 -55.5 -66.5 24 11.0 -55.7 258 135 340.6 340.6 294.5 340.7 0.02 47 207 11341 -55.5 -66.5 24 11.0 -55.7 258 134 341.5 341.5 294.7 341.6 0.02 48 200 11560 -56.1 -68.1 21 12.0 -56.3 260 131 343.9 343.9 295.3 344.0 0.02 49 189 11918 -56.5 -68.5 21 12.0 -56.7 260 131 348.9 348.9 296.4 349.0 0.02 50 172 12517 -54.1 -69.1 14 15.0 -54.4 255 115 362.4 362.4 299.2 362.5 0.02 51 169 12629 -54.3 -70.3 12 16.0 -54.6 257 113 363.9 363.9 299.5 364.0 0.02 52 162 12900 -53.7 -70.7 11 17.0 -54.1 260 107 369.3 369.3 300.5 369.4 0.02 53 150 13390 -56.1 -74.1 9 18.0 -56.4 255 98 373.4 373.4 301.2 373.5 0.01 54 147 13519 -56.7 -74.7 9 18.0 -57.0 255 99 374.5 374.5 301.4 374.6 0.01 55 141 13784 -55.9 -74.9 8 19.0 -56.2 256 103 380.4 380.4 302.3 380.5 0.01 56 136 14015 -55.5 -75.5 7 20.0 -55.9 260 94 385.1 385.1 303.1 385.1 0.01 57 135 14062 -55.3 -75.3 7 20.0 -55.6 259 93 386.3 386.3 303.2 386.3 0.01 58 128 14404 -53.7 -75.7 5 22.0 -54.2 256 87 395.1 395.1 304.5 395.1 0.01 59 100 15980 -57.7 -82.7 3 25.0 -58.1 260 65 416.2 416.2 307.3 416.3 0.00 60 94 16368 -58.7 -84.7 2 26.0 -59.0 261 62 421.7 421.7 307.9 421.7 0.00 61 93 16435 -58.7 -84.7 2 26.0 -59.1 260 61 423.0 423.0 308.0 423.0 0.00 62 89 16711 -57.9 -84.9 2 27.0 -58.3 260 63 429.9 430.0 308.9 430.0 0.00 63 85 17001 -57.3 -85.3 2 28.0 -57.8 256 70 436.9 436.9 309.6 436.9 0.00 64 73 17957 -58.9 -87.9 1 29.0 -59.3 260 62 452.9 452.9 311.1 452.9 0.00 65 70 18220 -57.9 -86.9 1 29.0 -58.5 265 56 460.5 460.5 311.8 460.5 0.00 66 68 18403 -56.5 -86.5 1 30.0 -57.2 265 58 467.4 467.4 312.4 467.4 0.00 67 66 18593 -55.1 -85.1 1 30.0 -55.9 265 56 474.4 474.4 313.0 474.4 0.00 68 54 19861 -59.5 -86.5 2 27.0 -60.0 243 20 492.3 492.3 314.4 492.3 0.00 69 52 20096 -60.9 -87.9 2 27.0 -61.4 231 22 494.4 494.4 314.5 494.4 0.00 70 50 20340 -60.1 -88.1 1 28.0 -60.7 265 30 501.9 501.9 315.1 501.9 0.00 71 49 20466 -59.9 -87.9 1 28.0 -60.5 247 32 505.2 505.2 315.3 505.3 0.00 72 46 20861 -59.1 -87.1 1 28.0 -59.8 260 36 516.4 516.4 316.1 516.4 0.00 73 45 20998 -59.9 -87.9 1 28.0 -60.6 264 38 517.7 517.7 316.1 517.7 0.00 74 43 21284 -57.5 -85.5 2 28.0 -58.4 265 43 530.4 530.4 316.9 530.4 0.01 75 40 21739 -58.3 -85.3 2 27.0 -59.2 248 37 539.4 539.4 317.5 539.5 0.01 76 39 21898 -58.3 -86.3 2 28.0 -59.2 246 38 543.4 543.4 317.7 543.4 0.01 77 37 22231 -56.1 -85.1 1 29.0 -57.3 264 48 557.3 557.3 318.5 557.3 0.01 78 35 22585 -54.1 -83.1 2 29.0 -55.6 263 41 571.4 571.4 319.2 571.5 0.01 79 31 23355 -59.1 -85.1 2 26.0 -60.1 235 7 578.1 578.1 319.6 578.1 0.01 80 30 23560 -59.1 -85.1 2 26.0 -60.1 255 18 583.5 583.5 319.8 583.6 0.01 81 28 23993 -59.1 -85.1 2 26.0 -60.2 241 18 595.2 595.2 320.4 595.2 0.01 82 28 23993 -59.3 -85.3 2 26.0 -60.3 241 18 594.6 594.6 320.3 594.7 0.01 83 26 24459 -57.5 -84.5 2 27.0 -58.9 254 23 612.4 612.4 321.2 612.5 0.01 84 25 24707 -56.1 -83.1 2 27.0 -57.8 260 25 623.4 623.4 321.6 623.5 0.02 85 24 24967 -56.5 -83.5 2 27.0 -58.1 267 27 629.5 629.5 321.9 629.6 0.02 86 23 25237 -56.7 -83.7 2 27.0 -58.3 269 26 636.7 636.7 322.2 636.8 0.02 TRP 229 10699 -57.1 -65.1 36 8.0 -57.2 250 133 329.3 329.3 291.6 329.4 0.03 WND 224 10839 -57.0 -66.0 31 9.0 -57.1 255 139 331.7 331.7 292.2 331.8 0.02 Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5311.00 m Freezing level: Surface below freezing Freezing level: 996.00 mb = 122.29 m = 401.22 ft Freezing level: 996.00 mb = 122.29 m = 401.22 ft Wetbulb zero: Below ground Precipitable water: 0.36 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 68.88 % Est. max temperature: 4.93 C = 40.87 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 958.48 mb = 440.24 m = 1444.34 ft T: -2.00 C 700-500 lapse rate: 5.11 C/km ThetaE index: 0.72 C Layer 972.0- 925.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 828.34 mb = 1595.77 m = 5235.39 ft Mean mixing ratio: 2.34 g/kg Conv temperature: 5.66 C = 42.19 F Cap Strength: 16.77 C Lifted Index: 18.41 C Risk: None Lifted Index @300 mb: 28.08 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 9.99 C Showalter Index: 16.35 C Risk: None Total Totals Index: 30.80 C Risk: None Vertical Totals Index: 17.00 C Cross Totals Index: 13.80 C K Index: 2.90 Risk: None Sweat Index: 146.00 Risk: None Energy Index: 4.48 Risk: None Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 7.15 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 3.78 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 53333.21 J/kg Cap Strength: 18.30 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 883.93 mb = 1089.86 m = 3575.60 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): -1.00 mb = -9999.00 m = -9999.00 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 289 at 39 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 1000 89 125 3 -2.5 1.7 | 110 42 -39.7 14.5 1 1000 113 220 7 4.5 5.4 | 119 37 -32.7 18.1 2 976 305 240 10 8.7 5.0 | 122 34 -28.6 17.7 3 939 610 250 15 14.1 5.1 | 128 29 -23.1 17.9 4 925 733 260 17 16.7 3.0 | 127 26 -20.5 15.7 5 904 914 270 21 21.0 -0.0 | 128 21 -16.2 12.7 6 869 1219 290 27 25.4 -9.2 | 106 12 -11.8 3.5 7 850 1396 290 32 30.1 -10.9 | 104 7 -7.2 1.8 8 836 1524 285 34 32.8 -8.8 | 132 6 -4.4 3.9 9 804 1829 275 30 29.9 -2.6 | 144 12 -7.3 10.1 10 773 2134 265 40 39.8 3.5 | 189 16 2.6 16.2 11 743 2438 265 44 43.8 3.8 | 202 18 6.6 16.6 12 714 2743 260 54 53.2 9.4 | 216 27 16.0 22.1 13 700 2897 260 53 52.2 9.2 | 214 27 15.0 21.9 14 632 3658 250 57 53.6 19.5 | 207 36 16.3 32.2 15 607 3962 255 64 61.8 16.6 | 220 38 24.6 29.3 16 582 4267 260 67 66.0 11.6 | 230 38 28.8 24.4 17 536 4877 255 73 70.5 18.9 | 226 46 33.3 31.6 18 515 5182 255 79 76.3 20.4 | 230 51 39.1 33.2 19 500 5400 255 82 79.2 21.2 | 231 54 42.0 34.0 20 494 5486 255 82 79.2 21.2 | 231 54 42.0 34.0 21 473 5791 255 94 90.8 24.3 | 235 65 53.6 37.1 22 453 6096 255 93 89.8 24.1 | 235 64 52.6 36.8 23 434 6401 260 97 95.5 16.8 | 243 65 58.3 29.6 24 416 6706 255 99 95.6 25.6 | 237 70 58.4 38.4 25 400 6990 260 101 99.5 17.5 | 244 69 62.2 30.3 26 381 7315 260 104 102.4 18.1 | 245 72 65.2 30.8 27 365 7620 255 110 106.3 28.5 | 239 80 69.0 41.2 28 349 7925 255 116 112.0 30.0 | 240 86 74.8 42.8 29 319 8534 260 137 134.9 23.8 | 250 104 97.7 36.5 30 305 8839 260 139 136.9 24.1 | 250 106 99.7 36.9 31 300 8950 260 138 135.9 24.0 | 250 105 98.7 36.7 32 291 9144 260 137 134.9 23.8 | 250 104 97.7 36.5 33 265 9754 255 131 126.5 33.9 | 242 101 89.3 46.6 34 253 10058 255 132 127.5 34.2 | 243 102 90.3 46.9 35 250 10140 255 130 125.6 33.6 | 242 100 88.3 46.4 36 241 10363 260 129 127.0 22.4 | 249 96 89.8 35.1 37 230 10668 255 126 121.7 32.6 | 242 96 84.5 45.3 38 229 10699 250 133 125.0 45.5 | 236 105 87.8 58.2 39 224 10839 255 139 134.3 36.0 | 243 109 97.0 48.7 40 219 10973 255 139 134.3 36.0 | 243 109 97.0 48.7 41 200 11560 260 131 129.0 22.7 | 249 98 91.8 35.5 42 199 11582 260 138 135.9 24.0 | 250 105 98.7 36.7 43 190 11887 260 132 130.0 22.9 | 249 99 92.8 35.7 44 181 12192 260 118 116.2 20.5 | 247 86 79.0 33.2 45 173 12497 255 116 112.0 30.0 | 240 86 74.8 42.8 46 165 12802 260 109 107.3 18.9 | 246 77 70.1 31.7 47 157 13106 260 102 100.5 17.7 | 244 70 63.2 30.4 48 150 13390 255 98 94.7 25.4 | 236 69 57.4 38.1 49 150 13411 255 96 92.7 24.8 | 236 67 55.5 37.6 50 143 13716 255 105 101.4 27.2 | 238 76 64.2 39.9 51 136 14021 260 94 92.6 16.3 | 242 63 55.4 29.1 52 130 14326 255 88 85.0 22.8 | 233 60 47.8 35.5 53 124 14630 260 83 81.7 14.4 | 239 52 44.5 27.1 54 118 14935 260 85 83.7 14.8 | 239 54 46.5 27.5 55 112 15240 255 72 69.5 18.6 | 226 45 32.3 31.4 56 107 15545 255 73 70.5 18.9 | 226 46 33.3 31.6 57 102 15850 270 68 68.0 -0.0 | 248 33 30.8 12.7 58 100 15980 260 65 64.0 11.3 | 228 36 26.8 24.0 59 97 16154 265 64 63.8 5.6 | 235 32 26.5 18.3 60 93 16459 260 61 60.1 10.6 | 224 33 22.9 23.3 61 88 16764 260 63 62.0 10.9 | 226 34 24.8 23.7 62 84 17069 255 72 69.5 18.6 | 226 45 32.3 31.4 63 76 17678 265 61 60.8 5.3 | 233 30 23.5 18.0 64 73 17983 260 62 61.1 10.8 | 225 33 23.8 23.5 65 70 18220 265 56 55.8 4.9 | 227 26 18.6 17.6 66 69 18288 265 60 59.8 5.2 | 231 29 22.6 18.0 67 66 18593 265 56 55.8 4.9 | 227 26 18.6 17.6 68 63 18898 290 35 32.9 -12.0 | 100 4 -4.3 0.8 69 60 19202 285 34 32.8 -8.8 | 132 6 -4.4 3.9 70 57 19507 275 42 41.8 -3.7 | 207 10 4.6 9.1 71 54 19812 245 20 18.1 8.5 | 138 29 -19.1 21.2 72 52 20117 230 22 16.9 14.1 | 143 34 -20.4 26.9 73 50 20340 265 30 29.9 2.6 | 154 17 -7.3 15.3 74 49 20422 245 31 28.1 13.1 | 161 27 -9.1 25.8 75 47 20726 255 35 33.8 9.1 | 171 22 -3.4 21.8 76 45 21031 265 38 37.9 3.3 | 182 16 0.6 16.0 77 43 21336 265 44 43.8 3.8 | 202 18 6.6 16.6 78 41 21641 250 36 33.8 12.3 | 172 25 -3.4 25.0 79 39 21946 245 38 34.4 16.1 | 174 29 -2.8 28.8 80 37 22250 265 48 47.8 4.2 | 212 20 10.6 16.9 81 35 22555 260 44 43.3 7.6 | 197 21 6.1 20.4 82 34 22860 285 14 13.5 -3.6 | 111 25 -23.7 9.1 83 32 23165 250 6 5.6 2.1 | 115 35 -31.6 14.8 84 30 23470 225 7 4.9 4.9 | 119 37 -32.3 17.7 85 30 23560 255 18 17.4 4.7 | 131 26 -19.8 17.4 86 28 23774 240 18 15.6 9.0 | 135 31 -21.6 21.7 87 24 24384 270 28 28.0 -0.0 | 144 16 -9.2 12.7 88 22 24689 265 21 20.9 1.8 | 132 22 -16.3 14.6 89 18 25298 350 10 1.7 -9.8 | 95 36 -35.5 2.9 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 258.9 at 52.5 knts Storm direction: 288.9 at 39.3 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 6.2 neg: 4.8 tot: 11.0 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 102.4 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 200.6 neg: -34.2 tot: 166.5 m^2/s^2 ave: 55.5 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.35 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 13.6 stream: 4.8 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.01 Bulk Rich Number: 0.03 Bulk Shear: 245.33 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 241 10 122 33| 17.0 0.0 17.0|106.1 0.0 106.1 212.2 0.65| 17.5 11.3 1000 259 15 124 27| 14.0 0.0 14.0|109.0 -11.0 98.1 98.1 0.29| 16.3 4.7 1500 274 20 123 21| 12.3 0.0 12.3|115.9 -23.8 92.1 61.4 0.20| 15.6 3.2 2000 274 23 128 18| 9.2 3.0 12.2|149.6 -23.8 125.9 62.9 0.33| 15.4 5.0 2500 271 27 141 16| 7.4 4.4 11.8|187.7 -23.8 163.9 65.6 0.39| 14.6 5.7 3000 268 32 158 15| 6.2 4.8 11.0|200.6 -34.2 166.5 55.5 0.35| 13.6 4.8 4000 262 39 183 18| 6.0 4.3 10.3|306.6 -57.3 249.3 62.3 0.37| 12.6 4.6 5000 260 45 200 21| 5.3 4.2 9.5|366.8 -81.7 285.1 57.0 0.35| 11.7 4.1 6000 259 52 212 27| 4.4 4.7 9.1|463.9 -86.8 377.1 62.8 0.35| 11.3 3.9 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KALB/skewt/KALB.skewt.20251204.12.gif