ES 105: Introduction to Meteorology
Topical Outline, Readings and Notes for ES105

Introduction to the Atmosphere
Syllabus

INTRODUCTION TO THE WEATHER
Observations and Weather Instuments; Station Models
Chapter 1, pp. 5-29;Appendix H, pp. 517-519

Assignment:  Watch the Weather Daily and Keep a Journal of National Weather Events.
Quiz:  Chapter 1 Reading

P=RT: FUNDAMENTAL BEHAVIOR OF THE AIR
Gas Laws; Charles' Law; Boyle's Law; The Ideal Gas Law; Adiabatic Processes
Chapter 2, pp. 33-42; Chapter 6, pp. 126-130

Assignment:  Geography Lab.
Quiz:  Geography

STRUCTURE OF THE ATMOSPHERE
Layers; Chemical Constituents; Importance of Gases; Meteors;
What is Meteorology?; Structure of the Atmosphere
Chapter 2, pp. 43-59

TEST I

WATER IN THE ATMOSPHERE - "PROVE IT!"
Relative Humidity; Mixing Ratio; Dew Point; Wet Bulb; Vapor Pressure
Chapter 4, pp. 95-109

CHANGES OF STATE OF WATER
Latent Heat

CLOUD PHYSICS - "EVERYTHING YOU ALWAYS WANTED TO KNOW..."
Types of Clouds; Collision/Coalescence; The Bergeron Process
Chapter 4, pp. 109-117; Chapter 5, pp. 121-125; Chapter 6, pp. 153-158, 163-168

Quiz:  Water Vapor and Clouds

ADIABATIC PROCESSES - GETTING READY FOR THE RAIN
Lapse Rates
Chapter 5, pp. 127-132

STABILITY AND INSTABILITY - LEARNING TO LIFT A PARCEL
Parcel Method; Judging the Atmosphere's Stability; LCL; LFC; EL
Chapter 5, pp. 133-143

WATER ON THE EARTH - "IF YOU SEE IT, ITS A LIQUID!"
Floods; Fog; Steam
Chapter 6, pp. 144-149

TEST II

ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION - "WHAT IS THE CAUSE OF THE WEATHER?"
c=lambda· f; Electromagnetic Spectrum
Chapter 3, pp. 74-78

Assignment:  Wavelength/Frequency Problems.

ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES AND CONCERNS
The Greenhouse Effect; Global Warming; The Ozone Problem
Chapter 3, pp. 82-89; Chapter 14, pp. 423-449

Assignment:  Environmental Issues Paper.

BLACKBODY RADIATION
Wien's Displacement Law; Stefan-Boltzmann Law
Chapter 3, pp. 78-81

Quiz:Radiation Laws

THE SUN - "HOW HOT IS HOT?"
Physical Properties; Temperature; Temperature Scales
Appendix D, pp.510-511

VARIABILITY OF INCOMING SOLAR RADIATION - "WHAT CAUSES THE SEASONS?"
Seasons; Orbit; Temperature vs. Length of Day
Chapter 3, pp. 63-73

RADIATION AND THE EARTH-ATMOSPHERE SYSTEM - "WHY IS THE SKY BLUE?"
Absorption; Reflectivity; Scattering;
Chapter 3, pp. 76-80, pp. 86-95

GENERAL CIRCULATION - REDEFINING THE WEATHER (text)
Hadley Cell; Three-Cell Model; ITCZ (image)
Chapter 10, pp. 298-305

TEST III

FORCES OF MOTION - "NEWTON WAS A WEATHERMAN?"
Gravity; Friction; Centrifugal Force; PGF; Coriolis Force
Chapter 7, pp. 185-193

FORCES AND WINDS - DEVELOPING AN UNDERSTANDING OF THE JET STREAM
Geostrophic; Gradient; Surface; Hydrostatic Equation;
Chapter 7, pp. 193-202

SEA AND LAND BREEZES - LEARNING TO FORECAST IN FLORIDA DURING JULY
Time and Size Scales; Mesoscale Circulations
Chapter 7, pp. 203-209; Chapter 10, pp. 291-293

Quiz:  Winds

AIR MASSES
Identification; Modification
Chapter 8, pp. 213-218

FRONTS - "DON'T EVEN THINK ABOUT SAYING 'LOW'!"
Finding Fronts; Types; Cross-Sections; Associated Weather
Chapter 8, pp. 219-230

LIFE CYCLE OF A WAVE CYCLONE - THIS IS A WEATHER MAP!
Baroclinicity; Cyclogenesis; Frontogenesis; Associated Weather
Chapter 8, pp. 231-240

TEST IV

LIFE CYCLE OF A GARDEN VARIETY THUNDERSTORM
Development; Frozen Precipitation
Chapter 11, pp. 319-324; Chapter 6, pp. 158-164

THUNDERSTORMS AND SEVERE WEATHER - LOADING THE GUN
Squalls; Convective Instability; Multicell and Supercell Storms
Chapter 11, pp. 333-346

SURVIVING AND UNDERSTANDING SEVERE WEATHER
Lightning;Tornadoes; Safety
Supercell Diagram, Tornado Climate, Watches, and Warnings
Thoughts on changing the criteria for warnings, Help with the text in watches
Chapter 11, pp. 329-331, 346-349

HURRICANES AND TROPICAL STORMS
Formation; Safety; Conservation of Angular Momentum
Chapter 12, pp. 355-374

ADDITIONAL INFO:
Criteria/Thresholds for Advisories, Watches and Warnings for Tropical, Severe, and Winter Weather events as well as Non-Precipitation Weather.
NSSL's Harold Brooks' Severe Weather Hazard Climatology Page

Quiz:  Thunderstorms

CUMULATIVE FINAL EXAM

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